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United Kingdom

Main cities in the UK and Eire
England: London, Liverpool, Birmingham, Bristol, Manchester...
Scotland: Edinburgh, Dudeen, Glasgow, Aberdeen...
Ireland: Dublin, Cork, Dún Laoghaire, Limerick, Galway...
Wales: Cardiff, Swansea, Newport...

Physical features
The United Kingdom, officially the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland but more
commonly known as the UK [14] or Britain,[note 10] is a sovereign country lying off the north-western
coast of the European mainland. The United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, the
north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. [15] Northern Ireland is the only
part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign state‍—‌the Republic
of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean,
with the North Sea to the east, the English Channel to the south and the Celtic Sea to the south-west,
giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland.
With an area of 242,500 square kilometers (93,600 sq. mi), the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest
sovereign state in the world. It is also the 22nd-most populous country, with an estimated 66.0 million
inhabitants in 2017.
Climate
The climate of the British Isles is rather changeable but can be classified as a Temperate Maritime Climate.
Temperate maritime climates are characterized by the absence of extreme climatic conditions. This
generally refers to mild winter temperatures and warm summers. Rainfall is frequent but not
extreme and the climate generally is free from hazardous atmospheric systems. The climatic conditions
in the British Isles are largely related to the influence of the Atlantic Ocean. The Atlantic Ocean acts
as heat reservoir, storing warm water through the winter. In the summer, due its thermal capacity it t
akes longer to warm up than the land around it and so has a cooling influence. Prevailing winds bring
air from the Atlantic over the British Isles either cooling or warming it but most certainly bringing rain!

Countries
-England.
Flag: consists of a white field (background) with a red cross known as the Cross of St. George.
National animal: the lion is the national animal of England. It was declared as the national animal
of England during the days of Richard I.
National flower: The Tudor Rose, also known as The Rose of England, was adopted as a symbol of
peace and merges a white rose (representing the Yorkists) and a red rose (representing the Lancastrians).

Patron Saint: St. George
-Wales.
Flag: It took until 1959 for the Welsh national flag to be officially unfurled for the first time.
The significance of the dragon in Welsh culture is believed to date back to Arthurian legend when
Merlin had a vision of a red dragon (representing native Britons) fighting a white dragon
(the Saxon invaders).
National animal: Red dragon.

National flower: The national flower of Wales is the daffodil, which is traditionally worn on
St. David’s Day. The vegetable called leek is also considered to be a traditional emblem of Wales.
Patron Saint: St. David.
-Scotland.
Flag: According to Scottish lore, the legendary King Angus (Achaius, or Hungus) saw a white
saltire in the blue sky during his battle against the Saxons near what is now the village of
Athelstaneford. That is the supposed origin of the Cross of St. Andrew
National animal: Unicorns have been linked to Scotland for centuries. While the animal is
mythological, the ideals it represents are what make it a perfect fit as the national animal for
Scotland, and because like this proud beast – Scots would fight to remain unconquered.
National flower: The national flower of Scotland is the thistle, a prickly-leaved purple flower
which was first used in the 15th century as a symbol of defence. The Scottish Bluebell is also
seen as the flower of Scotland.
Patron Saint: St Andrew.
-Northern Ireland and Ireland.
Northern Ireland flag: a white field (background) bearing a central red cross with a white
six-pointed star, a red hand, and a gold crown.
Ireland flag: In the 19th century various tricolour flags and ribbons came to be symbolic
of Irish nationalism. Many of them included the colours green (for the Roman Catholics),
orange (for the Protestants), and white (for peace between them).
National animal: The red deer is the national animal of Ireland.
National flower: The Shamrock, a three-leafed plant similar to a clover.
Patron Saint: St. Patrick.

Economy.

Electricity generation in the UK comes from three main sources – gas, coal-fired power stations and nuclear.

A small but growing proportion of electricity is supplied by renewables.

  • Gas accounted of 46 % of electricity supplied in 2008. Gas is also used to heat approximately 70% of homes.
  • Coal-fired power stations provide approximately 31% of the UK’s electricity.
  • Nuclear power provides about 14%  of electricity but most UK nuclear plans are due to close in the next decade.
  • Renewables sources provided 5.5% of electricity generated in 2008.

The top ten industries in the UK are: finance and banking, information technology, construction, oil and gas, government, healthcare, manufacturing, wholesale and retail, transportation and logistics, and education.  https://primeofficespace.co.uk/latest/top-ten-industries-in-uk/
Physical Relief UK and Ireland
THE HIGHLAND ZONE: The highland zone contains what is often called rough country, consisting to a large extent of rugged hills, mountains, and eroded areas frequently broken by valleys and plains. The highest elevations in the British Isles are in the highland zone; the highest point is Ben Nevis at 1,343 m (4,406 ft), located in the Highlands of Scotland.
THE LOWLAND ZONE also called Scottish Lowlands, cultural and historical region of Scotland, comprising the portion of the country southeast of a line drawn from Dumbarton to Stonehaven; northwest of the line are the Highlands. The Lowlands, as a cultural area , include two main topographic regions: the Midland Valley (or central Lowlands) and the Southern Uplands (of southern Scotland).

RIVERS UK AND IRELAND

River Severn (Wales, England): Is the longest river in Great Britain and the second longest in the British Isles.
Lenght (km): 354

River Thames (England): It is the longest river entirely in England and the second longest in the United Kingdom after the river Severn
Length (km): 364

River Trent (England): It is the third-longest river in the United Kingdom.
Length  (km): 297


MOUNTAINS UK AND IRELAND

Ben Nevis (Lochaber, Scotland)
Height: 1344m

Snowdon (Gynedd, Wales)
Height: 1085m


Carrauntoohil (County Kerry, Ireland)
Height: 1038m


Scafell Pike (Cumbria, England)
Height: 850m


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